Author(s): CALDO, A., (ALONSO, AC.; LIMA, AM.; GRECCO, MV.; BELINI, APR.; LINO, MHS.; DA SILVA, V.; SOARES, A.; DAVIS, C.; DE BARROS, MP.; GREVE, JMDA.; BRECH, GC.; FURTADO, GE. , Institution: UNIVERSITY OF COIMBRA, Country: PORTUGAL, Abstract-ID: 1618

INTRODUCTION:
This study aims to evaluate the effects of whey protein and maltodextrin supplementation, in conjunction with resistance training (RT), on muscular strength, postural balance, glycaemic control, and the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
METHODS:
This randomized, triple-blind clinical trial included 60 men, aged 65 to 79 years, diagnosed with T2DM. Participants engaged in a RT program twice a week for 12 weeks and were randomly assigned to receive either 20 g of whey protein, 20 g of maltodextrin, or a placebo (flavoured water) immediately after each session. Assessments included isokinetic dynamometry, handgrip strength, the MiniBest test, the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), skin autofluorescence to measure AGEs, and glycaemic metabolism analysis.
RESULTS:
The whey protein group showed significant improvements in quadriceps strength, hamstring strength, and plasma insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Improvements were seen in MiniBest and TUG tests across all groups. No significant differences were observed in handgrip strength or AGEs levels between groups.
CONCLUSION:
Supplementing with whey protein or maltodextrin did not enhance the benefits of RT on muscle strength, balance, or glycaemic control in older adults with T2DM. However, whey protein plus RT significantly reduced insulin resistance, indicating a potential benefit in managing glycaemic control.